Introduction to Chinese Caligraphy Essay - 1678 Words

Chinese calligraphy Introduction Every single culture has a way of representing itself. The most different part between China and Australian is the language. Chinese word (han-zi) is hieroglyphic words, and it has its own art style: Chinese calligraphy. Additionally, Chinese calligraphy (shu fa) is a crucial documentation, which is able to learn about history through today. The Chinese calligraphy is among the world’s best-documented and preserved art in human history. It has been passed down through generations and it has not lost its value and significance in the chines culture. The Chinese culture presents a unique way of doing things. Culture and tradition have been elements of civilization that seem to change with each passing day.†¦show more content†¦The invented characters of calligraphy allowed for an interesting and pleasing presentation for artists and readers. Gia Gu Wen or Jia Gu Wen is considered among the very first characters to be discovered even though it was not fully mature. Oracle bones present some of the very earliest and most ancient examples of Chinese calligraphy. The best way of understanding calligraphy, however, has been linked to the political authority and rituals Tregear, 1980, p. 87). When looked at from that perspective, the calligraphy can easily be traced and its meaning be understood. Various reigns and dynasties in China have had documented literature and cultural rituals. Looking at each and every one of them allows a person to trace the Chinese calligraphy through time. Dynastic literature After the unification of chine back in 221 BC, the short lived unity saw the burning of thousands of writing s and literature material by the emperor to ensure that classical writings were not available for the public. This created a daunting task for the subsequent dynasty since it had to re-establish and reconstruct a fresh the texts and literature that were considered classics. The dynasties that followed saw the importance of documentation and clear preservation of any form of literature for posterity. The Chinese culture and way of life has been among the few that have retained ties with ancient times. The art world in china as in most Asian countries,

A Definition Of Justice By Aristotle And The Star Spangled...

American society has kept white rich men in the nation superior, while keeping Black people and other minorities such as women in the lower realms of the society. When the Declaration of Independence, Constitution of the United States, and The Star Spangled Banner were written they were not meant to include black people (African descendants). At that time black people were considered to be a percent of a person, actually chattel, property to white slave owners. In addition, women were not considered to have the same rights leaving them in an unequal state to their husbands, fathers, and brothers. The American society has gained their independence by creating justice for themselves while producing inequalities for others; some affected by â€Å"justice† were people with different ideas than government, slaves, women and free African-Americans. Aristotle’s â€Å"A Definition of Justice† describes the differences of the state with an oligarchy and democracy as government. In both systems of government, Aristotle states men have a misconception of justice. â€Å"Justice is thought by them to be, and is, equality, not, however, for all, but only for equals. And inequality is thought to be, and is, justice; neither is this for all, but only for inequals.† (Aristotle) Examples to confirm Aristotle’s definition are the position that blacks, slaves and women held in past oligarchy and democracy states. In Aristotle’s time (300’s B.C.) until the late 1800’s slavery was a customary practice,

Training Module Free Essays

The training material is developed for the soft skills training during New Employee Orientation in any organization. New employee orientation programs give new employees the basic training and information they need to help them blend with and work in the new organization. The following program is designed as a three-day induction program conducted by a third party organization for an organization in which the new employees have been recruited. We will write a custom essay sample on Training Module or any similar topic only for you Order Now Appendix 1. 1 Objectives of Training Develop individual skills Enhance competence of employees Assured career progression Section 2 Topics of Training Appendix 2. 1 Safety Training Importance of Safety Safety System of the Organization Appendix 2. 2 Business Communications Communication model, Barriers to communication Body Language Activities : E-mail writing, Official reports, telephone etiquettes, video conterencing Appendix 2. 3 Team Building Importance of team Organization structure Activities and Games Appendix 2. 4 Professional Ethics Essential Professional Ethics Appendix 2. 5 Attitudinal Development Personalities and Attitudes Johari Window Appendix 2. 6 Leadership Skills and Motivation Needs, motives and motivation Styles of Leadership Activity and Games Appendix 2. 7 Time and Stress management Importance of Time management in organization Stress Management for professionals Appendix 2. 8 Decision Making Activity and models of decision making Section 3 Pre-requisites Appendix 3. 1 Participants Names and details of participants should be provided by the organization. Maximum number of participants should not exceed 25. Appendix 3. 2 Infrastructure and facilities Conference hall, Projector, Interactive boards, laptop and other infrastructure should be made available according to number of participants. Appendix 3. 3 Training material and handouts Preparation, printing and distribution of handouts and material of training and activities as required. Appendix 3. 4 Stationery Writing material, note-pads for participants to be arranged and provided. Appendix 3. 5 Arrangement for food and refreshments The organization will take care of arrangement of food and refreshments of participants Appendix 3. 6 Feedback forms Feedback is essential for both the trainers and the organization. A well formulated feedback form will be used for response of participants Appendix 3. 7 Evaluation forms Based upon the participation and performance of the participants they will be evaluated. This evaluation would stand crucial for the organization. How to cite Training Module, Papers

Psychology And Fairy Tale Essays - Freudian Psychology, Complex

Psychology And Fairy Tale Many parents read fairy tales to their children. Young people are able to use their imaginations while listening to these fantastical stories. Filled with dragons, witches, damsels in distress, and heroes, these tales stay in the mind children for years to come. However, these young listeners are getting much more than a happy ending. Fairy tales such as The Goose Girl, The Three Little Pigs, Cinderella, and Snow White one can find theories of psychology. Erik Erikson`s theories of social development as well as Sigmund Freud`s theory of the map of the mind and his controversial Oedipal complex can be found in many fairy tales. Within every fairy tale there lies a hidden lesson in psychology. In 1963, psychoanalyst Erik Erikson developed one of the most comprehensive theories of social development. The theory centers around eight stages of psychological development. One of the stages, autonomy versus shame and doubt, occurs between the ages of one and a half and three years old. In this stage toddlers develop independence if freedom and exploration are encouraged. Autonomy itself means having control over oneself. At any given moment, our behavior, including this sense [autonomy], is influenced by the outer environment and our inner psychological state (Restak 268). If they are overly restricted and protected they develop shame. Shame is the estrangement of being exposed and conscious of being looked at disapprovingly, of wishing to bury one`s face or sink into the ground. (Blake 115). The key to developing autonomy over shame and doubt lies in the amount of control. If parents control their children too much the children will not be able to develop their own sense of control in the environment around them. However, if the parents provide too little control the children will become overly demanding. Gaining autonomy from one`s parents is the topic of a once famous Brother`s Grimm story, The Goose Girl. The story is of a beautiful princess who is to be married to a prince chosen by her mother. The girl along with her maid was sent to the castle of the prince. On the way the princess gave her maid a golden cup and asked for a drink. The maid took the cup and told the princess she would no longer be her servant. Again this happened and this time the maid realized her power over the princes and forced her to switch horses and dresses and to tell no one. Upon arrival at the castle the maid was married while the true princess was forced to tend to the geese in a pasture. In the pasture while tending geese with a boy she let her pure gold hair down. The boy wished to grab it. However, the princess summoned the winds and would not allow the boy to touch her hair. The boy calls the king to witness this daily event. This reveals the truth and the maid is killed. The true princess marries her prince and they rule their kingdom in peace. This tale shows the consequences of a childish dependence clung to for a long time. The princess trusts her mother who then sends her off to get married. Because she was protected as a child she did not develop autonomy. She was very dependent on her parents. Her dependence is then shifted to her maid who robs her of her title. The princess fears the maid and goes along with her lies. When the princess is in the pasture herding geese her partner wishes to touch her hair. She stands up for herself and will not allow this. The boy degrading her is the turning point in her life. The happy solution came about by the girl asserting herself and her dignity in not allowing the boy to touch her hair. The Goose girl learned that it is much harder to be truly oneself, but that this alone will gain her true autonomy and change her fate. One of Sigmund Freud`s theories centers on the map of the mind. He divided the mind into three parts. The three parts are the id, the ego, and the super ego. The id is known as the pleasure principal. He believed Our entire physical activity is bent upon procuring pleasure and avoiding pain. (Restak 110). The id only wants to seek pleasure. It is mainly concerned with discharging built up energy. The second part is the super ego. The super ego keeps control over the id by causing guilt for being bad and pride for doing good.

Language in The Handmaid essays

Language in The Handmaid essays The nature of language as a means of expression and exchange of thoughts means it is never purely objective and functional it will necessarily reflect the attitudes and values of the society which has created it. Even the word ideology is derived from the Latin word logos which means word or discourse. Therefore, as language is not created in a vacuum, examination of the words and their derivations, meanings and usage can reveal the underlying philosophy of a culture. Often language is manipulated by those who are in power to further enforce their own tenets and beliefs, and to strengthen the divisions of power in the community. This is exemplified in Margaret Atwoods dystopian novel The Handmaids Tale where a restrictive, fascist regime has overtaken the United States of America and transformed it into the Republic of Gilead. The ideologies of this regime, specifically the value of reproduction and procreation for survival above all else, the limit of sensorial experiences and de sire, particularly of a sexual nature, and restrictions on meaningful emotional bonds between members of the society are represented in the language use it promotes. As a religious fundamentalist regime, the orchestrators of Gilead use the Bible selectively and falsify passages to seemingly legitimise their brutal and immoral principles. Power in this society is at its most basic level, of who can do what to whom, and there is a strict hierarchical system with male authority figures, the senior Commanders, Eyes and various military personnel being empowered to a degree by the regime. Women are treated as second-class citizens, and are separated within their own gender to different levels of power and freedoms according to their reproductive ability and class. The main strategy of the regimes creators is to group the public in prescribed roles, to diminish the possibility for individuality, bond...

Learn Ten Facts About Washington, D.C.

Learn Ten Facts About Washington, D.C. Washington, D.C., officially called the District of Columbia, is the capital of the United States. It was founded on July 16, 1790, and today has a city population of 599,657 (2009 estimate) and an area of 68 square miles (177 sq km). It should be noted, however, that during the week, Washington, D.C.s population rises to well over one million people due to suburban commuters. The population of the Washington, D.C. metropolitan area was 5.4 million people as of 2009. Washington, D.C. is home to all three branches of the U.S. government as well as many international organizations and the embassies of 174 foreign nations. In addition to being the center of U.S. government, Washington, D.C. is known for its history, many historic national monuments and famous museums like the Smithsonian Institution. The following is a list of ten important things to know about Washington, D.C. Inhabited by the Nacotchtank Tribe of Native Americans When Europeans first arrived in what is present-day Washington, D.C. in the 17th century the area was inhabited by the Nacotchtank tribe of Native Americans. By the 18th century though, Europeans had relocated the tribe and the region was becoming developed. In 1749, Alexandria, Virginia was founded and in 1751, the Province of Maryland chartered Georgetown along the Potomac River. Eventually, both were included in the original Washington, D.C. District. The Residence Act In 1788, James Madison stated that the new U.S. nation would need a capital that was distinct from the states. Shortly thereafter, Article I of the U.S Constitution stated that a district, separate from the states, would become the seat of government. On July 16, 1790, the Residence Act established that this capital district would be located along the Potomac River and President George Washington would decide exactly where. The Organic Act Officially Organized the District of Columbia Initially, Washington, D.C. was a square and measured ten miles (16 km) on each side. First, a federal city was constructed near Georgetown and on September 9, 1791, the city was named Washington and the newly established federal district was named Columbia. In 1801, the Organic Act officially organized the District of Columbia and it was expanded to include Washington, Georgetown, and Alexandria. The War of 1812 In August 1814, Washington, D.C. was attacked by British forces during the War of 1812 and the Capitol, Treasury and White House were all burned. They were quickly repaired however and governmental operations resumed. In 1846, Washington, D.C. lost some of its area when Congress returned all District territory south of the Potomac back to the Commonwealth of Virginia. The Organic Act of 1871 then combined the City of Washington, Georgetown and Washington County into a single entity known as the District of Columbia. This is the region that became known as todays Washington, D.C. Washington D.C. Is Still Considered Separate Today, Washington, D.C. is still considered separate from its neighboring states (Virginia and Maryland) and it is governed by a mayor and a city council. The U.S. Congress, however, has the highest authority over the area and it can overturn local laws if necessary. In addition, residents of Washington, D.C. were not allowed to vote in presidential elections until 1961. Washington, D.C. also has a non-voting Congressional delegate but it does not have any senators. Economy Focused on Service and Government Jobs Washington, D.C. currently has a large growing economy that is mainly focused on the service sector and government jobs. According to Wikipedia, in 2008, federal government jobs made up 27% of the jobs in Washington, D.C. In addition to government jobs, Washington, D.C. also has industries related to education, finance, and research. D.C. Is 68 Square Miles The total area of Washington, D.C. today is 68 square miles (177 sq km) - all of which formerly belonged to Maryland. The area is surrounded by Maryland on three sides and Virginia to the south. The highest point in Washington, D.C. is Point Reno at 409 feet (125 m) and it is located in the Tenleytown neighborhood. Much of Washington, D.C. is parkland and the district was highly planned during its initial construction. Washington, D.C. is divided into four quadrants: the Northwest, Northeast, Southeast, and Southwest. Each quadrant radiates out from the Capitol building. The Climate Is Humid Subtropical The climate of Washington, D.C. is considered humid subtropical. It has cold winters with average snowfall at about 14.7 inches (37 cm) and hot, humid summers. The average January low temperature is 27.3ËšF (-3ËšC) while the average July high is 88ËšF (31ËšC). The Population Distribution As of 2007, Washington, D.C. had a population distribution of 56% African American, 36% White, 3% Asian and 5% other. The district has had a significant population of African Americans since its founding largely because of the freeing of slaves in the southern states following the American Revolution. Recently, however, the percentage of African Americans has been declining in Washington, D.C. as more of the population moves to the suburbs. Cultural Center of the U.S. Washington, D.C. is considered a cultural center of the U.S. because of its many National Historic Landmarks, museums and historic places such as the Capitol and White House. Washington, D.C. is home to the National Mall which is a large park within the city and it contains museums like the Smithsonian and the National Museum of Natural History. The Washington Monument is located on the west end of the National Mall. Sources: Wikipedia.org. (5 October 2010). Washington Monument - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington_MonumentWikipedia.org. (30 September 2010). Washington, D.C. - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington,_D.C.

See on the files Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

See on the files - Essay Example Therefore consumers have no options but to purchase the goods at the set prices which is against the law of demand.The diagram illustrates the profits that a particular company in an industry can get in a country if it is the dominant player and its goods are the ones most demanded. In the short run, the industries in the country will get profits as indicated by area PBA, however, this is affected by international trade that ensures other competitive firms can introduce their products as well.International trade has led to an increase in the amount of goods in any economy and so the demand for local goods has gone down. This leads to the lower prices of goods locally. The demand of goods is further affected by the prices of other related goods. International trade can result to the presence of substitutes and complements that affect the demand of goods in the economy (Dutta, 2006). Substitutes are a direct replacement to a particular class of goods. This means that if the price of good increases consumers will simply shift to alternative goods. Complements are goods that are used together. If the price of one of these goods increases then the demand is likely to drop, as such the demand for the complements also